YO IRIE ARCHITECTS
House in Tarumi / 垂水の住宅
[ Location ] Tarumi-ku Kobe city Hyogo Pref. / 兵庫県神戸市垂水区
[ Program ] Private House
[ Gross floor area ] 115.40m²
[ Photographer ] Takahiro Arai
神戸市垂水区の大阪湾を望む高台に建つ個人住宅。
高いプレカットの技術でつくられる木構造や、省エネを謳う設備機器など、住宅を取り巻く個々の技術は様々に発展してきたが、それらを横断していく試みを小さな木造住宅だからこそ取り組むべきで はないか。
ここでは、意匠・構造・設備を一体化させるべく、「家具」からのアプローチを試みた。部屋の中央に置かれた棚状の構造体は、薄く強度の高い LVL を使用し、 工場で予め製作された小さなユニットを現場で組み立てることでつくられる。
棚はこの家の風の流れの中心として機能する。夏期や中間期は、棚は風を遮ることなく家全体を空気的に繋げることによ り、自然通風や煙突効果で自然換気を促す。冬期の暖房時には、梁を挟み込む2重の縦板の隙間をレタンスリットとし、ダクトを介して循環ファンへ接続することで、空間上部に溜まる暖気を回収し、下方へと再度吹き出し循環させる。この仕組みにより、湿気が多く、蒸し暑い神戸の気候において、通風効率の良い開放的な空間となると同時に、冬期における温度ムラを改善し暖房効率を向上させる。ここでは、家全体として、棚状の架構を中心とした勾配屋根の形状が空気の流れを誘導している。
循環ファンによる複数の居室の一体的な空調は、従来の個室単位の個別空調に比べて省エネ効果が見込まれ、吹き抜け等のスペースにおいても温度ムラが改善されることが冬季に実測された。
A private residence located on a high ground overlooking the sea near the city of Kobe in Japan
This site is a newly developed residential area. The development took place in recent years, and small-scale individual houses are lined up all around the neighborhood.
The house-building industry has developed significantly, and excellent technologies used in efficient insulation products, equipment with high performance coefficients, high-strength engineered wood, energy saving lighting equipment, etc. have improved the performance of houses, but rather than simply relying on such individual functions, we would like to think about structures that work better when they integrate such technologies, so the whole house can function better and smarter.
Here, while comprehensively thinking of the design, the structure and all equipment as a whole to be able to cover the environment of the whole house and the segmented technology, we tried approaching from the point of view of furniture, around which the dwellers’ living is centered. A shelf-like frame that is placed in the center of the house and supports the roof, is made of thin and very sturdy LVL and it is a structure created by assembling small prefabricated units on the construction site. The shelf-like frame functions as the centerpiece for the wind and ventilation flow in this house. In the summer and during mid-season, the frame connects the entire house aerodynamically without obstructing the wind flow, thereby encouraging natural ventilation by using natural airflows and the chimney effect. For heating in the winter, gaps between double vertical sheets sandwiching the beams are used as return slits and as they are connected to circulation fans via ducts, the warm air accumulated in the upper part of the house is collected and blown again downward for circulation. With this mechanism, while the house becomes an open space with high ventilation efficiency in the humid climate of Kobe, at the same time the temperature unevenness gets improved during the winter season, thus also improving the heating efficiency. Here, the shape of the sloped roof centered on and supported by the shelf-like frame induces the air flow of the whole house.
We join existing technologies and products to combine their functions, thereby we reduce the total amount of construction work and keep the costs low.
The shelf-like frame originates from the dwellers’ desire for an open space from which they can see the sea and for a large bookshelf in a spacious study. We thought that we could find a way to combine new technologies centered specifically on that place and the people who live here while aiming to realize such desires by coming up with a structure in which technologies and products that have developed individually can be used in a combination with each other.